Christmas under occupation: Israeli attacks against Palestinian Christians
Archbishop Alexios stands in front of the bodies of Palestinian Christians Saad Salama and Foumia Ayyad, who were killed in an Israeli attack on the Holy Family Church as mourners attend their funeral at the Greek Orthodox Saint Porphyrius Church, in Gaza City on 17 July 2025
Mohammed Haddad and Marium Ali write in Al Jazeera on 25 Dec 2025:
Palestinian Christians have gathered at the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem for the first time since Israel’s genocidal war in Gaza began in 2023 to celebrate Christmas.
Bethlehem’s mayor says the municipality has chosen to restore the city’s festivities after a long period of darkness and silence. At a Christmas market, Safaa Thalgieh, a mother from Bethlehem, told Al Jazeera’s Nida Ibrahim: “Our joy doesn’t mean people are not suffering, have lost their loved ones, or are desperate, but we can only pray that things get better.”
Palestine: The birthplace of Christianity
Palestinian Christians make up some of the oldest Christian groups in the world.
According to the Bible, Mary and Joseph travelled from Nazareth to Bethlehem, where Jesus was born and placed in a manger. The Church of the Nativity was built at this location, and its grotto holds great religious significance, attracting Christians from all over the world to the city of Bethlehem every Christmas.
However, making that trip today would be very different due to several Israeli checkpoints, illegal settlements, and the separation wall, as highlighted in the map below.
Palestinian Christians living under Israeli occupation
Once a thriving community, the number of Christians living in the occupied West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza is now fewer than 50,000, according to the 2017 census, making up about 1 percent of the population.