Al-Hassan mosque massacre – new investigation
Al-Hassan Mosque in the Tuffah neighbourhood of Gaza City, with the damaged house nearby after the Israeli air strike on 16 November 2023
Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor reports on 19 December 2024:
A new investigation conducted by Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor has revealed a massacre committed by the Israeli military, killing over 15 Palestinians and injuring others, including women, children, and the elderly, in an air strike targeting a mosque in Gaza City during dawn prayers.
Euro-Med Monitor investigated the Israeli attack on Al-Hassan Mosque in Al-Tuffah neighbourhood, Gaza City, during dawn prayers on 16 November 2023, concluding that no evidence was found of any military targets, such as objects or armed individuals, inside the mosque or in its surrounding area at the time of the attack.
According to the investigation’s findings, at approximately 4:45 am on Wednesday, 16 November 2023, Israeli aircraft struck Al-Hassan Mosque in the Al-Sanafur area of Al-Tuffah neighbourhood, east of Gaza City, without any prior warning. The attack involved one or two heavy, high-explosive bombs and occurred just as worshippers began their dawn prayers.
The Israeli air strike destroyed the mosque, one of the largest in the area, within seconds, collapsing it onto the worshippers inside. Only remnants of its entrance and the two surrounding minarets remained. The attack resulted in the deaths of all worshippers present, with most of the bodies reduced to fragments.
The attack also resulted in casualties and injuries of varying degrees in a house adjacent to the mosque. Additionally, several nearby structures, including garages used for car repairs, carpentry, and washing, were destroyed. The air strike also caused damage to residential buildings and facilities surrounding the mosque in the area.
As part of its investigation into the military attack, Euro-Med Monitor employed its standard investigative methodology, beginning by collecting preliminary data related to the incident. Field teams were dispatched to the attack site to document the human and material damage and verify the absence of any military presence or armed activities in the area at the time of the attack.
The field team conducted personal interviews with survivors and eyewitnesses, including testimonies from six residents of the area and relatives of the victims who remained in the neighbourhood despite the forced displacement of most of its population following the mosque’s targeting. The team also documented the names of the deceased and injured.
In addition to on-site visits and gathering testimonies from survivors and witnesses, Euro-Med Monitor’s team analysed video footage and photographs capturing the aftermath of the attack and the crime scene. Satellite imagery was also reviewed, revealing the extent of the massive destruction to the site before and after the air strike.
Ezz Al-Din Maher Kraim, an 18-year-old resident of the area and the son of one of the massacre’s victims, recounted to Euro-Med Monitor’s team: “When we entered the mosque after the Israeli bombing, we found no trace of anyone who was inside at the time. All of them were torn into pieces, there was no sign of anyone.”
Euro-Med Monitor was able to identify 10 of the victims, including a young girl, a woman, and eight men, two of whom were elderly. Some victims remain unidentified as their bodies were torn apart or remain buried under the rubble.
The Israeli attack on the mosque lacked any justification based on military necessity. Moreover, the Israeli army has offered no explanation or justification for this crime. The attack constitutes a flagrant violation of international humanitarian law principles, including distinction, proportionality, and the obligation to take precautions—fundamental rules that Israel is required to uphold at all times without exception.
As such, this attack constitutes a cluster of fully-fledged war crimes committed by the Israeli army against civilians protected under international humanitarian law, as well as against a place of worship classified as a civilian object safeguarded by the same law.
This crime, which directly targeted civilians with death and injury, also amounts to a crime against humanity due to its occurrence within the context of a widespread and systematic military campaign carried out by Israel against Gaza’s civilian population for over a year. Furthermore, this massacre qualifies as an act of genocide, part of Israel’s ongoing campaign since 7 October 2023 to destroy the Palestinian population in Gaza.
Therefore, Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor reiterates its call to the international community to fulfil its legal international obligations by working to halt the ongoing genocide in Gaza using all available means. The prevention and punishment of this crime are international legal obligations incumbent upon all states without exception. This is an absolute obligation towards all, ensuring the withdrawal of the Israeli occupation forces from all Palestinian territory, including Gaza, and the dismantling of all Israeli military bases, barriers, and checkpoints.
Furthermore, Euro-Med Monitor urges the International Criminal Court to examine and investigate all crimes committed by Israel in Gaza, including the Hassan Mosque massacre, as well as the thousands of other massacres carried out by the Israeli army in the strip. It also calls for the expansion of investigations into individual criminal responsibility for these crimes to include all those accountable, and for the swift issuance of arrest warrants against all perpetrators.
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